
[dicks9i\ville 





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A City with a Sky Line 
and a Water Front and 
the Spirit that Does Things 



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JUM 10 1914 



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■riu- Mosl lmr<'rl.-int I'.ti uti I Ih- Scnith Athnilic Cc 



WHETHER "Gatewa)'" to or "Metropolis" of Florida shall be tinall}' 
adopted as a name distinctively descriptive of Jacksonville, which is fully 
entitled to either or both, is no longer a matter of concern, for before and 
above all else is the fact of most importance, now firmly fixed in the minds of 
observant men, that this wonder city is to be and is the natural and permanent 
center of the financial, commercial and industrial forces engaged in the marvelous 
development of the great peninsular empire that thrusts itself so boldly and so 
deepl}- into the heart of the tropic seas. 

Florida, so old in romance and chronicle, and yet so young in the swirl of trade 
and industry, embracing within her confines almost limitless possibilities of pro- 
ductiveness and commerce, has lured for centuries those in search of health and 
recreation, but now the eyes of Nations are turned upon her with astonished gaze 
as they hear her ringing challenge for rightful place in the business world. Calmh' 
she points to her tremendous resources and confidenth' she enters the lists in 
friendly rivalry for her proper share of material favors. 

And Jacksonville, tried and purified and strengthened by the disasters of 
war, pestilence and fire, already reaping the benefits of remarkable growth, and 
inspired by the certainty of future greatness, has laid hold of the responsibilities 
of leadership that come of her commanding position and is blazing the path of 
progress with persistence and success. 












Federal Buildli 



The traveler who comes to Florida seeking the physical and mental stimu- 
lation of the most delightful and healthful climate in the world, the finest ocean 
beaches, the most beautiful lakes and rivers, the most entrancing scenery, finds 
them here as of old, undiminished, even accentuated by vast improvements made 
for his comfort. But when he stops in Jacksonville, as he must of necessity do, 
he is confronted with a man-wrought miracle in brick and stone, steel and con- 
crete, as remarkable in its way as the prodigal and benevolent works of Nature 
which have been famed all over the earth for centuries. 

He finds here, near the mouth of the St. Johns River, an important seaport, 
with one of the most magnificent deep water harbors in the world, with 7 1-4 miles 
of water front lined with great docks and terminals and warehouses, from which 
the products of Florida and the South are scattered by steam and sailing ships to 
the North, to gulf ports, to Europe, the West Indies, Central America, South 
America, everywhere on the globe that a demand may exist. He finds five great 
railroad systems from the North, the South, the West, the Northwest, controlling 
16,000 miles of track, bringing and forwarding millions of tons of freight each year. 
He finds a sky line of tall buildings that makes him wonder, as he rubs his eyes, 
whether he really left New York or Chicago night before last. He finds a city of 
85,000 energetic, prosperous and happy people, a city pulsing and throbbing with 
the activities of finance, building, manufactures and commerce, with broad, well- 




Among The Tall On 



paved streets, brilliantly lighted, with great department stores and beautiful 
and costly residences, splendid churches, schools, hospitals, fireproof hotels, power- 
ful and prosperous banking institutions, a community provided with every necessity, 
convenience and luxury of modern life and ever}- advantage of education, culture 
and social uplift. 

Then, when it is remembered that practically all this has come about in 
little more than a decade, the full significance of what is going on in Jacksonville 
is realized. On May 3, 1901, the principal part of the city was practically wiped 
out by fire, with the exception of some property along the water front. Eighth- 
blocks, covering an area of 650 acres, were burned over, 2,600 buildings were 
destroyed, with a property loss of $15,000,000. It is true that prior to that 
calamity Jacksonville had been for generations a place of importance in the South, 
with a long and intensely interesting history. The story might go back to the 
dark days of civil strife and the still harder \-ears which followed; back to the 
month of June, 1822, when the town was laid out and named in honor of one of the 
greatest American patriots, or to 1816, when the first house of the present city 
was built by Lewis Hogan; still further back to January, 1791, when Robert 
Pritchard made the first settlement on the site ui-idcr a grant from Governor 
Queseda; even centuries back of that, when bold spirits from across the seas were 
exploring and searching and fighting over this beautiful land of Flowers. But all 



that has been fully and eloquently told in the History of Early Jacksonville, pub- 
lished by the Board of Trade, and it properly may be said that the history of 
Jacksonville of Today began on the day following the great fire of 1901, when the 
people looked upon the charred and blackened debris of their beloved city and 
bravely and uncomplainingly took up the task of building it again. Now each 
succeeding year supplies a volume of history of its own more remarkable and more 
interesting than the last. 

FLORIDA and Jacksonville have suffered to some extent in recent years 
as a result of lurid and exaggerated exploitation b}' unscrupulous and 
uninformed speculators and promoters in the North, but taking hold of 
the situation vigorously and honestly, the people of the state have succeeded 
in correcting false impressions and modestly point to the hard, cold facts con- 
tained in official figures of resources and development, content with the won- 
derful record which they show. 

In 1900 Florida's population of 528,542 had made a gain of 35 per cent, for 
the preceding decade; in 1910 the state contained 752,619 people, and the rate of 
gain for that decade had increased to 42.4 per cent., the largest of any Southern 
state except Oklahoma. This rate of gain applied to the figures for 1910 indicates 
that the state, at the beginning of 1913, has a population of approximately 850,000. 



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Its land area, of 54,861 square miles; its coast line of 1,200 miles, the longest of 
any state in the Union; its 1,500 miles of navigable streams, opening up vast 
stretches of its interior to water transportation; its railroad mileage that now 
exceeds 5,000 miles, and which exhibited a gain of 45 per cent, between the }-cars 
1900 and 1910 — these conditions prove that in population Florida has as yet 
hardly begun to grow and that the stage is set by Nature and by human capital 
for a still more amazing increase in the next ten years. 

In 1900 the assessed valuation of property in Florida was $96,686,000, in 
1911 it was $198,000,000, a gain of 104.8 per cent.; in 1900 the value of farm lands 
and improvements was $40,799,838 and in 1910 it was $117,623,000, increasing 
nearly three-fold in the decade; in 1899 the value of what are known as "twelve 
leading crops" was $6,667,000 and in 1910 it was $15,104,000, a gain of 126 per 
cent.; the deposits of state, savinsjs and private banking institutions increased 
from $3,714,831 in 1900 to $24,180,049 in 1911 and of national banks from $6,435,- 
441 in 1900 to $29,907,071 in 1911. 

4"he citrus crop for the season of 1899-00 was 974,000 boxes, in 1909-10 it 
was 6,100,000 boxes and in 1912-13 it will exceed 7,000,000 boxes; the lumber 
cut was 247,627,000 feet in 1880, 411,436,000 in 1890, 788,905,000 in 1900, 992,- 
091,000 in 1910, and the wonderful timber resources are scarcely touched. 

The value of the mineral output in 1880 was $1,500, in 1910 it was $9,284,705. 



In 1887 phosphates were discovered in Florida and since 1894 the state has held 
first place in the production of phosphate rock, producing over 60 per cent, of the 
product used in the world. Competent authority states that "fulh' two-thirds 
of the fertilizer business of the United States can be supplied from Florida sources, 
at lower freight rates than from any other point." 

The record of increase in manufactories from 1899 to 1909 also shows re- 
markable advance, and discloses that factory possibilities are as great as those of 
agriculture. In the period named the number of establishments increased 69 
per cent., the number of wage-earners employed 65 per ce;nt., the amount of 
capital invested 154 per cent., the value of products" 113 per cent. When the last 
U. S. census was taken 2,159 factories were emploving 57',473 wage-earners, with 
capital of $65,291,000 invested and an annual product of $72,890,000. 

Florida's fisheries show and increase from 1880 to 1908, in number of persons 
employed, from 2,480 to 9,212; in capital invested $406,117 to $2,415,000; in value 
of products $643,227 to $3,389,000. In this industry she is larger in capital and 
products than an}' Southern state except Virginia and made the largest increase 
of any during the period named. 

In naval stores, of the 555,000 casks of turpentine, \-alucd at $17,680,000, 
produced by the South in 1910, Florida contributed 298,000 casks; of 1,906,000 
barrels of rosin, valued at $18,255,000, produced by the South in the same year, 
Florida contributed 1,018,000 barrels. 



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Heard Building— Looking South on Hopan Sir 



These figures cover but a trifle of the great resources of the state, and its 
development in recent years, but they are an index to the still greater things which 
may be expected in the immediate future, and in preparation for which millions 
are being expended by wise and far-seeing local capitalists and investors in the 
great financial centers and in ever}' section of the countr}'. 

DUVAL County, of which Jacksonville is the seat of government, was form- 
ed in 1882 and named in honor of Florida's second governor. It has an 
area of 822 square miles, the land ranging from flat to gently rolling, and its 
climate is practically sub-tropical The county holds excellent opportunities 
for the development of trucking and kindred industries and has much suitable 
land at reasonable prices. The natural conditions of climate and soil, and an 
abundant supply of artesian water for irrigation, point to large development in 
this direction as the demands of the city increase. 

The population of the county increased from 26,800 in 1890 to 39,733 in 1900 
annd 75,163 in 1910, the rate of growth for the last decade being 89 per cent. In 
the same period the volume of public business, as indicated by the county records 
increased approximately 300 per cent. The estimated population for 1913 closely 
approaches 100,000. 

Full}- abreast of the modern ideas of progress, the count)' has more then 60 





Railroad Bridge Across St. Johns 



miles of splendid paved roads, one magniiicenl boulevard of brick and cement, 
opened in 1910, stretching 18 miles from Jacksonville to Atlantic Beach. Since 
Jan. 1, 1910, this county has expended on its roads over $1,350,000 and another 
quarter of a million will be expended during 1913. 

The financial statement for the year 1912 shows receipts and disbursements 
approximating a half million dollars for school and general purposes. The count\- 
school fund revenues increased from $165,972.11 in 1911 to $184,300.42 in 1912. 
The total school enrollment for the county is 10,201. 

ON two sides, indeed it may almost be said on three sides of Jacksonville, 
stretches the great St. Johns River, which reaches, with its tributaries, 300 
miles southward into the interior of the State, itself navigable for ncarh" 
200 miles and one of the principal influences which give to the city its proud 
ciistinction as the most important port on the South Atlantic coast. Twent\-- 
seven and five-tenths miles away is the bar which marks the might)' stream's 
junction with the ocean, where great jetties 16,000 and 13,000 feet in length, 
1,600 feet apart, have been built of rock b)' the United States to secure and pro- 
tect the channel to the deep water harbor at Jacksonville. Already the cit)' has 
24 feet of water at mean low tide and the general government has undertaken and 
made much progress toward deepening the entire channel to 30 feet. When this 




City Hall and KiiL-ineerini! BuilJiiiK 



project is completed, the entire river and harbor improvement from Jacksonville to 
the sea will have cost approximately $7,000,000 and this will be the only port on 
the coast south of Norfolk where the larger ships will be able to enter or leave at 
any stages of the tide, the rise of which at Jacksonville is only about one foot. 

Originally there was a depth of 9 or 10 feet of water over the bar at the 
mouth of the St. Johns, but the growth of the city requiring a deep water harbor, 
the improvement by jetties and a depth of 15 feet was undertaken in 1879. In 
1904 the work of deepening the channel to 18 feet was completed, the public- 
spirited citizens of Duval County, impatient of government delay, having patriot- 
ically bonded themselves for $300,000 to pay the bill. In 1907 the government 
had practically completed the 24-loot channel, but the marvelous expansion of 
Jacksonville's commerce was already demanding still deeper water anci in 1910 
the project was modified to obtain 30 feet and the work was begun. 

While this improvement has been going on the commerce of the port has 
been expanding at a phenomenal rate, and though stupendous additions and 
extensions have been made to the dock, terminal and ware house facilities, they are 
still inadequate to keep pace with the growth, and Jacksonville herself has under- 
taken the construction of city docks, at a cost of $1,500,000, to accommodate all 
comers. An illustration of the determination and enthusiasm with which a pro- 
gressive citizenship has undertaken this big enterprise is found in the practically 




Windsor H..ltl— Si, JdiiK-, liuilJing 



unanimous vote by which the bonds were authorized, and the contribution b}' the 
Board of Trade of $7,000 to pay the expenses of the special session of the state leg- 
islature in October, 1912, at which the bill was passed empowering the city to own 
and operate docks and terminals. At the same time the State also granted to 
Jacksonville 200 acres of submerged land in St. Johns River suitable for the new 
docks, which will give a great impetus to coastwise and foreign commerce. The 
championship of this project by leading citizens and the people generally, with en- 
dorsement of U. S. engineers, assures its early completion, at which happy time 
Jacksonville will have placed herself in a position of still greater importance among 
the seaports of the world. 

ON that May morning, nearly twelve years ago, when the people of Jacksonville 
gazed upon the ruins of their city and resolved to build it anew, they faced the 
greatest crisis in their history, and though they then could not have realized it, 
what seemed an overwhelming misfortune was in truth to be the spur and incentive 
to measures of progress then undreamed of. How gallantly they arose to the needs 
of that hour of disaster, how perseveringly they planned and labored, how loyalh' 
they stood by Jacksonville and one another, how hopefully they gazed into the fu- 
ture — are to be seen in the brilliant, dominant and beautiful city of toda\-. 

This dozen years of miraculous progression is told in simple and unscnti- 




Gas Company Building— Y.M.C.A. 



mental figures, but it was made possible by the energy, liberalit}' and wisdom of 
the people, who proved their faith by works, and now the prosperity and momen- 
tum, confidence and inspiration gained during this period of trial and successful 
struggle are the forces which make sure and certain still brighter eras of even 
larger accomplishment. 

Jacksonville proper covers almost exactly 10 square miles of land, of which 
about 2 1-4 square miles are in platted subdivisions outside the cit}- limits. It is 
30 minutes ride from one of the finest beaches on the Atlantic Coast, said to be the 
greatest speedway in the world. Tempered by ocean and gulf breezes, its annual 
mean temperature is 70 degrees, rarely reaching 100 degrees. The average for 
Spring is 71 degrees, for Summer 80 degrees, for Autumn 71 degrees, and for Winter 
60 degrees. The average rainfall is 52 inches, mostly in Summer. These figures 
on climate, with others noted relative to the beauties and healthfulness of Florida, 
compel the admission that there was some method in the madness of one Ponce de 
Leon, who some time since hiked about this section in quest of the Fountain of 
Youth. Certainly, had nature decided to establish on earth such an institution, 
it would properly be found somewhere in Jacksonville's vicinity. 

In placing the population of Jacksonville at 85,000, count is taken of the 
large and flourishing suburban districts outside the corporate limits, which have 
not been extended for many years, the prosperous town of South Jacksonville, 




nple. Board <,f Trade and ! 



and three }"ears of natural growth since the census was taken in tlie Spring of 1910. 
Inside the corporate limits the population of 28,429 in 1900 exhibited a gain for the 
previous decade of 65.3 per cent. Within the same limits in 1910 the population of 
57,699 evidenced a rate of gain for the last decade of 103 per cent. Sixty-five per 
cent, of this gain appears to have been made during the iive-year period from 1905 
to 1910, all of which indicates a gradually accelerating rate of increase. Conserva- 
tive estimates by post office authorities place the population of Jacksonville's 
suburbs at 10,000, which, with equally conservative figures on the growth of the 
past three years, gives a total of 85,000. 

No less an authorit}- than the Governor has declared in a public statement 
that "Florida is one of the most healthful states in the Union, the death rate 
being less than that of any other state, and of any country in Europe." So far 
as Jacksonville is concerned, the figures bear out the statement fully. From 
the official report of the health board for 1912, it is ascertained that the total 
number of deaths for the year, white and colored and including non-residents, 
was 1,266. Deducting from this 230 non-residents, the total of deaths of resi- 
dents, white and colored, is seen to be 1,036, a mortalit}' rate for all classes of 
1.47 per cent, based on the health board's estimate of 70.194 persons inside the cor- 
porate limits Louring that year. Eliminating the negroes, it is found that the mor- 
tality rate among the white residents, including deaths by violence, is a scant one 




Looking North on Hogan Street— Riverside Bviikhead 



per cent. Assured!}' this is a wonderful testimonial of Jacksonville's healthfulness. 

Even Mr. Taxpayer, who holds, the world over, a license to carry a grouch, has 
cause to congratulate himself on Jacksonville's growth, for the figures show that 
in 1910 the value of his property had gone upward 139 per cent, over 1900, and 
to-da}- it is 66 per cent, greater than in 1910. In 1900 the assessed value of real 
estate and personal propert}' was $13,653,160, in 1910 it was $33,596,220 and in 
1912 had reached $55,834,260. Meanwhile the millage has decreased from 16.2 
in 1903 and 17.1 in 1908 to 11.5 in 1912. The present assessed valuation repre- 
sents about 50 per cent, of true values, which means that Jacksonville reallv has 
over $110,000,000 of taxable propert}-. 

In banking circles, the city's expansion is shown in a truh' startling fashion. 
The gain in banking business has been not onh" very large, but so regular and 
steady as to convince the most skeptical of the soundness which underlies the 
whole financial, commercial and industrial fabric, and ma}' be accepted as a correct 
gauge of the measure of progress which is being made. Total bank clearances 
are reported bv the Clearing House Association as follows: 1900 — $12,733,048; 
1905— $60,000,000; 1910— $124,657,071 ; 1911— $146,740,819; 1912— $168,442,- 
388. Here is a gain of $22,000,000 a year since 1910, and the clearances for a 
single month at present are greater than for the entire year of 1900. 

Jacksonville now has sixteen banking institutions of different classes, many 




Armory— Bay Street —Confederate Monument 



of ihem owning and occupying new and costh" fire-proof structures of the most 
modern t)"pe, and contributing very largely to the Wall-street aspect of the finan- 
cial district. These banks have a combined capital and surplus exceeding $6,000,- 
000 and hold average deposits of more than $20,000,000. Sound and conservative, 
yet liberal and loyal to the city and its business establishments, theirs is a record 
of which to be proud indeed. 

In postoffice receipts since the Twentieth Century was ushered in, Jackson- 
ville makes a gain that causes ever}' city in the countr\' to sit up and take notice. 
Post Office business, in its relation to urban growth, is everywhere taken as an in- 
fallible guide, and in comparison with the population is a true index to the firmness 
of the foundation upon which the industry and trade of any city are builded. 
Look at this: 

For the \'ear endintj June 30, 1901, the receipts of the ]ackson\ille Post Office 
were $95,594.61; 1905— $157,989.82; 1910— $400,615.95; 1911— $453,679.74; 
1912 — $506,248.45. While the city was gaining 103 per cent, in population 
during the decade ending in 1910, the post oftice business was gaining over 300 per 
cent, and in the past two years has gained over 26 per cent. That this increase is 
continuing day by day at the present time is proved by the fact that the receipts 
for the calendar year ending Dec. 31, 1912, were $511,332.33. These figures are 
larger than those for Birmingham, Ala., which has_132,685 population. More 




thwcsl frnm Hcmrnlngl'ark. 



than eighty mails are handled in and out of Jacksonville daily and over 200 rural 
carriers and 100 railwa}- postal clerks are paid at the local office. 

Confronted with great cjuantities of new building material lining the streets 
in both business and residential sections, with the din of construction ever in 
the air, one is prepared for some large gains in building, but the official figures 
are nevertheless staggering. The record for new buildings since the fire of 1901 
reaches the grand total of 13,059, valued at $35,896,898. This is an annual average 
for the 12 years of 1,088 buildings, of an annual average value of $2,991,408. 

During 1912 the building permits granted covered 977 frame and 171 brick 
and stone buildings, a total of 1,148, which exceeds the twelve-year average by 60. 
The value of new buildings for 1912 was $3,807,957, an increase of $217,152 over 
1911 and exceeding the twelve-year average by $816,549. The value of frame 
buildings for the year was $1,629,350, an average for each of $1,667, and of brick 
and stone buildings $2,178,607, an average for each of $12,740. Counting 312 
working days for the year, the building operations for 1912 amounted to $12,205 
for each day. 

New buildings now actually under construction will exceed a total value of 
$2,500,000, and it is the unreserved opinion of building authorities that 1913 
will see a very large increase over any previous year in the city's history. The 
demand for new business blocks, offices and dwellings continues heavy and una- 




Clarit Building— Nolan BuiMinR. 



bated. In building operations, Jacksonville's suburbs, which are not included in 
the foregoing record, are making even more rapid gains than the incorporated sec- 
tion of the city. 

During the past five years activity in real estate has been continuous, with 
values steadily rising with the growth and expansion of the city. Showing the 
comparative progress in real estate transactions, is a gain of 61 per cent, in the 
five vears in the number of warrantv deeds recorded annualh', which increased 
from' 3,604 in 1908 to 5,828 in 1912. ' 

New enterprises during the ^•ear numbered 114, the capital represented in 
the companies chartered being $22,951,000, a gain of $14,035,980 over 1911, 
to which should be added also $440,000 of increased capital by old companies. 

LYING on the opposite side of the St. Johns River, directly across from the 
business center of Jacksonville, is the rapidly growing town of South Jack- 
sonville, a distinct and separate municipality, yet in reality a vital part of 
the parent city, and closer to it in time and distance than many of its suburban 
sections. A few years ago the town was merely a boat landing, now it is a thriv- 
ing, prosperous community of 2,500 people, owning its own waterworks and electric 
plant, with artificial gas from Jacksonville, and all the conveniences of modern life. 
With beautiful!}- shaded streets, lined with giant live oaks and tropical 




A Slrccl in Ke^ldl•ncc Di; 



foliage, perfect sanitation and low mortality rate, South Jacksonville, as a resi- 
dential district, possesses every advantage of a large city, with none of the dis- 
advantages. The business section is being rapidly developed and street paving 
improvements are well under way. The Bank of South Jacksonville occupies a 
new brick building and numerous new business blocks arc under construction. 

In manufacturing also South Jacksonville has man}" advantages, including 
desirable river front locations in touch with both rail and water transportation. 
Already located here are large establishments turning out fertilizers, brick and 
tile, gas engines, boats and ships. The rate of taxation is very low, and with 
every desirable condition of location and resource. South Jacksonville is certain 
to undergo unusual growth in the next few }"ears. 

JACKSONVILLE'S port record more than justifies every claim to supremacy on 
the South Atlantic Coast and gives the city a commanding position among 
the largest and most important seaports of the South. An authority on 
maritime affairs has said within a recent period : "The port and harbor of Jackson- 
ville, Fla., are the most important to shipping on the South Atlantic Coast. This 
relative importance is likely, almost certain to be increased much within the next 
two years, and in a decade the port will be next to the two or three greatest on the 
entire Atlantic Coast of the United States." 




Ik-brt-w Temple-Morocco Tempi. 



This statement is fulh' sustained by the port record of 1912, which was the 
greatest in the history of the city. Many large cargoes are now being forwarded 
direct to foreign shores, one vessel drawing 23.5 feet of water steaming direct, 
during the year, to Rotterdam, with over 19,000 packages of naval stores and 
3,350 tons of fertilizer, the single cargo valued at $218,000. Large steam and 
sailing ships, drawing 23 to 24 feet of water, are continualh- clearing with heavy 
cargoes. The record of annual tonnage during the past eight years corroborates 
the large ratio of growth which Jacksonville exhibits in other directions. In 1905 
the number of vessels was 884, tonnage 1,565,639. In 1912 the number of vessels 
was 3,435 and the tonnage had increased to 3,865,615, approximate!}' two and one- 
half times that of 1905. 

The lumber shipments in 1912 were 380,287,243 feet; in 1911 the\- aggre- 
gated 300,846,980 feet, thus showing a sain for 1912 of practicallv '80,000,- 
000 feet. 

The exports for 1912 were 12,481,788, almost exactly double the imports of 
$1,289,209. The amount of phosphate rock exported was 125,000 tons. 

The rate of gain in the general business of the port is illustrated by the amount 
of miscellaneous freight received and forwarded, which increased from 419,376 
tons in 1910 to 582,570 tons in 1912, or 39 per cent, in two years. 

Among the articles of export are lumber, cotton, naval stores, phosphate, 




Artesian Well and Springfield Park. 



grain, provisions, cotton seed oil, oil, fertilizers, coal, iron, steel, flour, marble, fruits, 
live stock, cigars and tobacco. 

During 1912 large tanks for storage of fuel oil for steamers and creosote 
oil were completed and the new terminals of the Seaboard Air Line were placed in 
operation. Jacksonville has the largest ship-yard on the Atlantic Coast south of 
Newport News, with a floating dry dock to handle vessels up to 4500 tons. Both 
ship yard and dry dock are continuously congested with the building of new boats 
and repairs. 

Industrially, Jacksonville has made rapid and permanent advancement 
during the past decade. Indeed, this city, as well as the entire State of Florida, 
has been tindergoing regular and substantial growth in manufactures for many 
years, but it is only recently that this phase of progress has been given due 
attention. 

By careful calculation and most conservative estimates, it is found that Jackson- 
ville now has 175 or more factories and industrial establishments, employing about 
4,500 wage-earners, not including proprietors, clerks and salesmen, and turning 
out annually a product valued at about $14,000,000. Under the census figures of 
1009, when some of the largest factories were not listed because located outside the 
corporate limits, the gain in number of establishments was 54 per cent, over 1899, 
in wage-earners, 60.6 per cent, and in value of products 273.6 per cent. During the 




Some Fine Oub Houses-Elks. Germania, Commercial, S. 



same period the state of Florida gained 69 per cent, in number of establisliments, 
65 per cent, in number of wage earners and 113 per cent, in value of annual products, 
while the entire United States gained 29.4 per cent, in number of establishments, 
40.4 per cent, in number of wage earners and 81.2 per cent, in value of annual pro- 
ducts. These figures indicate that Florida and Jacksonville are undergoing a more 
rapid industrial growth than the country at large and point unerringly to still greater 
development along this line. Coal for fuel may be freighted to Jacksonville for 
•f 1 .25 per ton, and there exists here every condition of climate, geographical location 
and cheap transportation to stimulate progress in almost every line of manufacture. 
Illustrative of the great advantage to manufacturing establishments of a deep water 
frontage may be cited that fifteen large factories located on the St. Johns River be- 
tween Cummer's point and Six Mile Creek are emploving 1,244 wage-earners on a 
weekly pay-roll of $12,725. 

Among the products"made in Jacksonville" are: 
Artifical Stone, Bags and Sacks, Bakers' Goods, Baking Powder, Barges, Bar- 
rels, Blank Books, Blue Prints, Boats, Boilers, Books, Brass Goods, Boxes and 
Packing Cases, Brass work, Brick (sand). Brick (clay). Brooms, Building mate- 
rials. Buggies, Cabinet work. Cakes, Calendars, Carbonated Waters, Candy, 
Carriages, Cider, Cigars, Coffees, Composition, Capitals, Concrete and cement 
construction. Copper goods. Cottonseed meal. Cottonseed oil, Crackers, Electros, 




Ferry Uoat anil Grr.il I.lvi- Oak in South Jacksonv 



Engravings, Excelsior, Fertilizers, Fibre, Flavoring extracts. Garden vases, Gas 
engines, Ginger ale, Harness, Interior and exterior woodwork. Ice, Jellies, Launches, 
Marble monuments, Mattresses, Mouldings, Ornamental Plaster Work, Paints, 
Palmetto Fibre, Patent Medicines, Perfumes, Preserves, Refrigerators, Rosin, 
Rosin Oils, Rubber Stamps, Scroll Work, Shingles, Soft Drinks, Spices, Spring 
Beds, Steamboats, Steel Tanks, Stencils, Stock Food, Store Fixtures, Syrups, 
Tile Paving, Trunks, Turpentine, Turpentine Stills, W^agons, Wood Turnings, 
Zinc Etchings. 

Of the ninety or more firms engaged in the wholesale and jobbing business 
In Jacksonville, about one-third are wholesale grocers, which supply a territory 
holding more than one million population. The headquarters of the Southern 
States Wholesale Grocers' Association are located in this city, which indicates 
its importance as a distributing point for food-stuffs. Over 30 per cent. ($10,000,- 
000) of the world's supply of naval stores, accordine to the report for 1910, was 
produceci in the "Jacksonville territory," making this the most important city 
in the naval stores industrv in the world. 




Buulcvard u, Atlantic Beach. 



IN its municipal operations and finances Jacksonville displays a progressive- 
ness, enterprise and wisdom which might well be taken as an example by 

larger, older and slower cities. In every direction of advancement the city 
is doing wonders, loyally sustained by a patriotic and liberal people. Evidence 
of the sound judgment and integrity with which its money has been spent may be 
found in the balance sheet published in 1912, from which it is learned that its 
assets exceed its total liabilities by $5,476,586. 

It owns a water works and an electric plant, the combined value of which is 
$1,587,339; a fire department with property and equipment valued at $278,367; 
police department property and equipment to the value of $184,612; city hall and 
grounds worth $500,000; parks worth $1,508,600. The grand total of propertv 
actually owned is $4,300,920. 

It has 69 miles of paved streets, 145 miles of sidewalks, 96 miles of sewers 
and drains, 104 acres in 9 beautiful parks in various sections. 

Its bonded indebtedness at the beginning of the year was $2,118,000, to which 
$250,000 has since been added to be expended for public improvements in 1913. 
Jacksonville has never defaulted or failed to pay its interest, and its finances are 
in such condition that its bonds sell readily at low interest and substantial premiums. 

A glance at the city budget for 1912 shows that Jacksonville is expending 
annually on its general government $81,000; on its police department $153,000; 







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First Baptist Church— High School. 



on its fire department $163,000; on its healtli department $56,000; on its sewers 
and sewage disposal $96,000; on its street cleaning and refuse disposal $128,000; 
on its public lighting and general street expenses $186,000; on charities and public 
library $33,000; on its parks and public grounds $52,000; interest and sinking 
fund $122,000. The total budget is $1,117,120, of which $506,880 is estimated 
revenue and $610,240 to be derived from taxation. Of the last issue of $250,000 
improvement bonds $100,000 will be used for street paving, $100,000 for water 
works and electric plant improvements, and $50,000 for parks durmg 1913. 

The city's fire department enrolls 90 men, in seven stations, with 15 pieces of 
apparatus, much of it motor-driven The police force consists of 118 men in all 
departments, and both organizations arc skilled and cfiicient. 

IN capital invested, efficiency secured and service furnished by public utilities 
Jacksonville is notably fortunate, and the measure of prosperity enjoyed b}- 
these enterprises is further significant evidence of rapid general growth. 
The eight lines of railroads entering the city are embraced in the Atlantic Coast 
Line, Florida East Coast, Georgia Southern and Florida, Seaboard Air Line and 
Southern Railway systems. A belt line gives connections between all 
roads. 

Ninety passenger trains regularly arrive and depart from the terminal sta- 



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Cliurch of Immaculate Conception— St. Johns ICpiscopal— First Christian Chu 



tion, which is used by all roads, and in the rush season of winter travel this num- 
ber is largely increased. In one day of 14 hours during January, 1913, 152 trains 
entered and left this station, handling 20,000 passengers. This was 20 per cent, 
the heaviest business ever handled by the roads here in the same length of time 
and is conclusive evidence of the steadily increasing tide to Florida, as well as the 
fact that the only proper way to get into the State is through the City of Jack- 
sonville. 

In yards, shops, docks, warehouses and terminals, the railroads are making 
extensions and improvements constantly and preparing as rapidly as possible 
for what all believe is to be a splendid era of continuous expansion for many )'cars. 
It is estimated that railroad expenditures in the past few years for permanent im- 
provements have averaged a million dollars a year. 

The principal steamship companies now operating lines to and from Jack- 
sonville are Clyde Steamship Company, Merchants & Miners Transportation 
Company and Southern Steamship Company. Steamers are operated to and from 
New \ ork and Boston, via Charleston; Baltimore and Philadelphia, via Savannah, 
and on the St. Johns River to Sanford. Coastwise vessels are operated also 
between Jacksonville and Miami and lines to ports in Central and South America 
are projected, with great, world-famed companies knocking at the doors for ad- 
mission as soon as the city docks are completed. 



Jacksonville's water supph', pure and healthful, comes from 13 artesian wells 
about 1,000 feet in depth, and is one of the city's finest assets. The present con- 
sumption is 5,500,000 gallons daily, with capacity of 20,000,000 gallons. The 
plant has 78 miles of mains and extensions are being made almost as rapidly as 
pipe can be secured. A separate fire system, supplying a pressure of 175 pounds 
for fire purposes, is said to be the only one of the kind in the South. During 
the past vear the number of ser\ices has increased from 8,200 to 10,000, a gain 
of 1,800, or 22 per cent. 

The cit}- electric plant is skillfull)- operated in a business-like wa}- b}' the Board 
of Bond Trustees. A new generating station, a mile outside the city limits to 
allow for future growth, was completed, November 12, 1912, and, with other 
improvements, was placed in service at a cost of 1535,000. It has a capacity of 
10,000 K. W., more than three times that of the old plant, and is equipped with 
modern turbine generators. The capacit}' of all distribution lines has been doubled 
during the }-ear to keep pace with the rapidh- increasing general demand for 
current for power and light. 

The total motors supplied are 4,625 H. P. as against 2,165 H. P. one }-ear ago, 
a gain of 2,460 H. P., more than doubling in the 12 months. The 6,784 meters 
in use show a gain of 1,419, or 29.4 per cent, in the past year. The total number of 
arc street lamps, 800, gained 200, or 33 1-3 per cent., in the same period. 




RivcrsiJc Park. 



Many streets arc beautifull\- illuminated by the modern means of boulevard posts. 
Proof that Jacksonville is building for the future indeed is found in the fact that 
the municipality has undertaken to put all wires under ground at a cost of nearly 
a half million dollars and is now at work on the project. 

The historian says that the first artificial gas works in Jacksonville was built 
on East Bay Street in 1859, and at one time the price was |8 per 1,000 cubic feet, 
but the fact that chieffy concerns the gas consuming public of today is that they 
have a modern, enterprising and liberal company,- giving satisfactory service in 
this necessary commodity at reasonable rates, for all the purposes for which gas may 
be used. The Jacksonville Gas Company has a plant with 2,000,000 cubic feet daily 
capacity, and is constantly making improvements and extensions to keep abreast 
of the Jackson\ille times, swift-moving as they mav be. This plant has a holder 
capacity of 800,000 cubic feet and its send-out in 1912 exceeded 300,000,000 feet. 
It maintains a force of employes on its regular payroll sufficient to meet every 
demand of public service, and from a wage-earners standpoint also is one of the 
principal industries of the city. 

Its number of meters increased in 1912 from 7,064 to 8,782, a gain of 1,718. 
It has 461,897 feet of mains, nearly 90 miles, underh'ing the streets, and laid more 
than 10 miles during 1912. 

The Jacksonville Traction Compan}- operates 44 miles of electric street rail- 



road throughout the city and its various suburbs. It is carrying 15,000,000 
passengers a year and steadily making extensions as they are needed. Con- 
fident of the city's continued growth, the company recenth' completed a costly 
new power station fully adequate for many years to come. 

The Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company is spending $600,000 
in 1913 in improvements and extensions of its service. It has outgrown the build- 
ing erected five years ago, then deemed ample for ten years, and has begun work on 
a handsome ten-story building of re-enforced concrete. This company now has 
9,000 subscribers in Jacksonville, a gain of 5,831 or 178 per cent, in the past five 
years. 

Last year the Jacksonville Ferr}- and Land Company transported more than 
a million people across the St. Johns Ri\'er to South Jacksonville and has just 
launched a fine new steel-hull boat to add to its equipment for meeting still greater 
requirements in future. The boats of this company make ten round trips across 
the ri\'er each hour. 







Typeset Jacksonville Reside 



AN inquisitive person who might ask a JacksonviUe citizen what makes 
the wheels go round would be referred immediately to the Board of Trade, 
and there, in figurative sense, he would find the answer to his query. 
Numbering in its membership more than 1,100 of Jacksonville's livest business 
and professional men, this organization is the strongest of its character in the South. 

By unanimous consent, and most appropriateh', it has been called the "Power 
House of Jacksonville." It was organized in 1884, incorporated in 1893. It 
is and has been one of the most powerful and effective forces in the city's develop- 
ment. It occupies a handsome building of its own, valued at $175,000, has 
more than thirt}- live committees, and with its able and energetic officers, takes 
the lead in every undertaking for advancement. 

Jacksonville is giving much attention to education and is spending large 
appropriations on the public schools. It now has sixteen school buildings and the 
plans for 1913 embrace three eight-room brick additions and one twelve-room 
new brick building. Two hundred and twentj^-two teachers are employed and 
8.207 pupils are enrolled. The value of school property owned by the Board of 
Public Instruction exceeds $500,000. In addition, there are several schools oc- 
cupying buildings not owned by the Board and the city directory of 1912 lists 
15 private schools and colleges. 




Gas Company Traction Company and Klectric Light Plants. 



The city is rich in beautiful and costly church edifices and in no way is the 
remarkable progress and uplift of the past dozen years more clearly shown than in 
religious and charitable activities. Forty white church organizations have 8,000 
members and a Sunday School enrollment above the primary grade of 3,293. 
About the same number of colored church societies exist. In the past five years 
the city has undergone great development along this line, and a number of splendid 
new churches are being and will be erected in 1913. 

The Y. M. C. A. building is a new fire-proof structure of modern t\'pe, valued 
at $255,000. The money for its erection was contributed b}- the citizens of Jack- 
sonville and it was opened in 1909. It has 900 senior and 300 junior members, with 
day and night schools, and every attraction and facilit}" for entertaining and 
training young men and boys. 

The public library, a beautiful structure, valued at $65,000, was opened in 
1905, since which time the number of volumes on its shelves has grown to 29,000, 
and its circulation to 135,000 in 1912, strong tcstimon}- to the educational trend of 
the people. 

A half hundred hotels, some of them the finest in the South, care for the thou- 
sands of visitors, who come to Jacksonville, look, marvel, approve and come 
again. To these discriminating and observant tourists the city owes much, 
because the)- carry its name and fame to the world at large. Even the transient 



population of Jacksonville grows with the cit}', necessitating constant increase 
of hotel facilities, and the }'ear 1913 begins with a new ten-story structure in pro- 
cess or erection, with others to follow. 

A splendid new hospital to cost $300,000, the money for which has already 
been subscribed by the big-hearted citizens of Jacksonville, will be one of the 
notable additions of the near future. The city is alreaciy endowed with some six- 
teen hospitals, orphanages, homes and institutes. 



EiitfiTiijijm A 

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\ Mice nl BuMiiois Seen.,,,, 



Jacksonville has the oiHccs of the State Boards of Health and Pharniac\- and 
several foreign consulates. 

It has the United States District Court, Customs House, Internal Revenue 
ofhce. United States Marshal, Inspector of Steam Vessels, United States Engi- 
neers, Weather Bureau, Immigration Bureau and Life Saving Station. 

It has two daily newspapers, the Times-Union, and Metropolis which 
are leaders in their respective fields in the South; Dixie and Floridian, weekh- 
publications noteworthy for their power and influence, and many weekh' and 
monthly class publications of national importance and wide circulation. 

It has two telegraph companies and a commercial wireless station, and offices 
of 22 railroads. 

It has scores of clubs, civic, fraternal and social organizations, theaters and 
amusements — all evincing the prosperit}', enterprise, culture and sparkling life 
of an industrious, moral and happ}- people, tolerant and loyal, proud of their 
progress, confident of their strength and sure of their future. Of such is Jack- 
sonville. 



THUS the story might go on and on, to wearying length, and still truthfully 
recounting the details of sound though wonderful development, and an- 
alyzing the myriad influences which have brought it about. Within the 
circumscribed limits of a booklet such as this, however, only the general features 
of the city's growth and prospects may be touched upon and only the public 
and semi-public institutions described or illustrated. For a much more ambitious 
undertaking must be left the proper treatment of the great private industrial and 
commercial institutions, which constitute the firm foundation upon which the 
city's trade and material prosperity are based. 

This souvenir publication is printed and distributed for no other purpose than 
that of presenting to the world a true story of this city's progress, past and present, 
and calling attention to the ever-broadening opportunities which it holds. In 
that spirit the booklet is presented to the people of Jacksonville, with apologies 
for the short-comings and omissions to which human frailty is prone, but with 
confidence in the conservatism of its statements and that no single phase of Jack- 
sonville's recent notable expansion has been overdrawn or exaggerated. 



JUDGING from the brilliancy of her past record and performances and 
observing the trend of events which are alread}' inaugurating a period of 
Southern development hitherto unparallelled, the possibilities of Jack- 
sonville's future assume gigantic proportions. The completion of the Panama 
canal, which brings to the very doors of South Atlantic ports the vast West coast 
of two continents, is turning the attention of the world to this great and still 
undeveloped section of the United States. Everywhere we find the same hopeful- 
ness and belief in the things that are to come out of Panama, and with her mag- 
nificent 30-foot harbor of well-nigh unbounded capacity, her unrestricted dock 
and terminal facilities, her railroads, her industries, her commerce, Jacksonville 
must ever hold a position of leadership among the seaports of the coast and gulf. 
It is well said that "The day of destructive competition between railways 
and waterways is done, and the day of constructive co-operation has dawned," 
so that here, where the bands of shining steel, stretching throughout the most 
productive countr\' on the globe, come down to the sea to join the forces of ocean 
commerce in extending the fame and influence of Jacksonville to the uttermost 
parts of the earth, the mind's eye sees in }-ears to come the fabric of a city fully 
qualified to rank among the mightiest of the times. 

January, IJl.i. john w lansley 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



iiiliMIIIII 

e 014 499 178 3 



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